“Financing Clean Energy in Berkeley”
Launched in 2008, Berkeley FIRST allowed property owners to borrow money from the City’s Sustainable Energy Financing District to install solar paneling and repay the costs through their property tax bills over a period of 20 years. From the onset of the cross-sector collaboration that gave rise to Berkeley FIRST, the City of Berkeley and its partners sought to create a standardized and scalable financing model that other cities could easily adopt if it proved successful. They agreed that conducting interim and final evaluations of a pilot program operating at a modest scale would help them determine if this type of solar paneling installation was feasible. To this end, the Office of Energy and Sustainable Development and University of California, Berkeley’s Renewable and Appropriate Energy Laboratory conducted initial and final reviews of the program. The initial evaluation in 2009 highlights program achievements and pitfalls, and the motivations and opinions of participants and residents who were not in the pilot group. It also described why some participants withdrew and decided to finance their solar panels through home equity loans instead, suggesting that the pilot program interested them but that they found home equity loans less expensive. The final evaluation conducted in 2010 was focused on assessing the feasibility of scaling Berkeley FIRST to a statewide Property Assessed Clean Energy Program (PACE) program. The lessons learned included “adding energy and water efficiency measures to reduce paybacks, increasing the scale of programs to attract new and cheaper sources of capital, and developing uniform rules for first position liens to ensure that the projects result in a reduction in overall housing costs.”