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“Historically, investments in crop research and plant breeding have resulted in substantial public benefits worldwide. Because the benefits came largely in the form of improved crop varieties released publicly and requiring only small additional investments for local adaptation, production and marketing, the small potential for private returns historically left crop research and development (R&D) largely to public-sector research institutions.” But new findings in this article “indicate that there may be benefits from more collaborative models of intellectual property management in the public sector.”